Helium is a decentralized wireless network built on blockchain technology that provides a global, peer-to-peer network for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. It operates through a system of hotspots owned by individuals, which act as nodes that provide wireless network coverage in exchange for cryptocurrency rewards. These hotspots are incentivized using Helium's native token, HNT, which users earn by allowing their devices to participate in the network, transmitting data, and validating network coverage.